04-04-2002
Agenda
I. Call to Order
II. Orientation
III. Selection of Chairperson I Vice Chairperson
IV. Staff Reports
V. Other Business - Next Meeting Date
VI. Adjournment
In accordance with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, all persons who are disabled and who need special
accommodations to participate in this meeting because of that disability should contact the Office of the City Clerk, (305)
466-8901, not later than two days prior to such proceeding. Please be advised that one or more members of the A ventura City
Commission may attend this meeting.
WEISS SEROTA HELFMAN
PASTORIZA & GUEDES, P.A.
ATTORNEYS AT LAW
liLt ~ Mr., A~ ~
-.(J ~JI?/&s
NINA L. BONISKE
JAMIE ALAN COLE
EDWARD G. GUEDES
STEPHEN J. HELFMAN
GILBERTO PASTORIZA
JOSEPH H. SEROTA
RICHARD JAY WEISS
DAVID M. WOLPIN
STEVEN W. ZELKOWITZ
MIAMI-DADE OFFICE
2665 SOUTH BAYSHORE DRIVE
SUITE 420
MIAMI, FLORIDA 33133
'OF COUNSEL
March 15, 2001
GERALD T. HEFFERNAN'
JOHN R. HERIN, JR.
CHRISTOPHER F. KURTZ
PETER A. LICHTMAN
KAREN LIEBERMAN'
MATTHEW H. MANDEL
BERNARD S. MANDLER'
ALEXANDER L. PALENZUELA-MAURI
GARY I. RESNICK'
NANCY RUBIN'
GAIL D. SEROTA'
DANA S. SCHWARTZ
ARI C. SHAPIRO
JEFFREY P. SHEFFEL
NANCY E. STROUD'
SUSAN L. TREVARTHEN
CARMEN I. TUGENDER
DANIEL A. WEISS'
THOMAS J. ANSBRO'
LILLIAN ARANGO DE LA HOZ'
ALISON S. BIELER
MITCHELL A. BIERMAN
MITCHELL J. BURNSTEIN
ELAINE M. COHEN
DOUGLAS R. GONZALES
TELEPHONE (305) B54-0800
TELECOPIER (305) 854-2323
WWW.WSH-FLALAW.COM
BROWARD OFFICE:
3107 STIRLING ROAD, SUITE 300
FORT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA 33312
TELEPHONE (954) 763-4242 . TELECOF'IER (954) 764-7770
The Honorable Mayor and Commissioners
City of A ventura
2999 N.E. 191 Street
Suite 500
A ventura, Florida 33180
Re: Gifts, Sunshine Law and Attendance at Functions
Dear Mayor and Commissioners:
This update is provided in connection with the election of one new City Commissioner.
The purpose of this letter is to provide guidance to City Commissioners, officers, employees and
board members to assure continued compliance with the Florida Sunshine Law and provisions of
law pertaining to the reporting and receipt of gifts by public officers and employees. Section I of
this letter will address Sunshine Law matters, while the subject of the receipt and reporting of
gifts will be addressed in Section II.
I. SUNSIDNR LAW
A. The Provisions of the Law
The Florida Sunshine Law is provided by Section 286.011, Fla. Stat. , entitled "Public
Meetings and Records; Public Inspection; Criminal and Civil Penalties" and provides in
subsection 1 thereof as follows:
All meetings of any hoard or commission ~ state agency or authority
or of any agency or authority of any county, municipal corporation, or political
subdivision, except as otherwise provided in the Constitution, at which official
...
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Honorable Mayor and Commissioners
March 15,2001
Page 2
acts are to be taken are declared to he puhlic meetings, open to the public at all
times, and no resolution, rule, or formal action shall be considered binding except
as taken or made at such meeting. The board or commission must provide
reasonable notice of all such meetings . (emphasis added)
B. Applicability
The City Commission, as well as committees, advisory boards or commissions created by
the Cornn1ission, must comply with the Sunshine Law. The Sunshine Law prohibits two or more
members of the same Commission, board, commission or body from discussing (interchange of
ideas) any item or matter of public business which may come before the body upon which those
two or more members both serve, except in an open public meeting, duly noticed, for which
minutes are kept. Compliance with the Sunshine Law requires that reasonable notice of the
meeting be given; that the meeting be open to the public; and that minutes of the meeting be kept
and provided.
It should be noted that the Sunshine Law also applies to advisory boards and to ad hoc
committees which are created for particular purposes. For example, if a screening committee
were established and composed of risk management directors from adjoining communities to help
select a risk management director for the City, the Sunshine Law would apply to such ad hoc
committee, unless the committee was confined to performing strictly a fact-finding role. Once an
ad hoc committee is given the authority to make recommendations, screen candidates or create a
short list, it is considered that the committee has gone beyond a fact-finding status and must
comply with the Sunshine Law. See Krause v Reno, 366 So.2d 1244 (Fla. 3d DCA 1979)
The wide sweep of the Sunshine Law forbids government board members from taking
actions which may seem perfectly reasonable and be done with the best of intentions. For
example, two or more members of the same board may attend a social function, ~ if any
discussion of any item which may come before the board is strictly avoided, ill the social
function complies with the Sunshine Law requirements of public notice, public access and the
provision of minutes of the meeting. Likewise, members of the same board may attend a seminar
or lecture as members .of the audience, without complying with the Sunshine Law provisions, so
long as any interchange of ideas between board members upon any matter which may come
before the board is strictly avoided.
C. Example of Situations Which May Arise
Honorable Mayor and Commissioners
March 15, 2001
Page 3
Commissioners should absent themselves from the room.
D. Recommendations
The following recommendations are respectfully offered to Commissioners in an effort to
assist in continued compliance with the Sunshine Law. These recommendations would likewise
apply to City boards and committees and the members of such boards and committees.
1. Do not pass around a memorandum from one member of the Commission to
another for signature, initial or check-off indicating approval or disapproval of a proposal. This
may be viewed as an unlawful meeting.
2. Do not hold a social luncheon or other social gathering of two or more members
of the Commission, which is not open to the public and duly noticed, unless any discussion of the
business of the Commission is strictly avoided.
3. Do not utilize a staff person or any third party to create an indirect discussion or
interchange between two or more Commissioners on City business.
4. Do not privately poll or canvas other Commissioners by telephone or otherwise to
obtain their approval or lack of objection to the business of the Commission. (Staff should also
avoid this since Commissioners may. ask what other members said and the staff response may
create an indirect discussion of the public business by two or more members. Nor should staff
use this approach to obtain a piece-by-piece decision of the Commission.)1
5. Even if only giving or seeking information, a Commissioner cannot talk to another
member of the same Commission about any City matter which is within the scope of the business
of such Commission that may come before such members, except at a duly-noticed public
meeting. (A Commissioner may prepare a memorandum for inclusion in a Commission
Agenda) .
6. A Commissioner may discuss City business with an individual member of a
different City board not composed of members of the Commission, so long as he or she does not
go from one member of that board to another member of that board communicating what has
been said.
7. Please do D.Qt proceed when in doubt about whether a proposed action is allowed
1/ This does not preclude the City Manager or City Attorney from separately asking each
Commissioner his or her position on an issue, so long as such process is not a substitute for any
required consideration as a body and the thoughts of the members are not circulated through a
liaison approach.
WEISS SEROTA HELFMAN
PASTORIZA & GUEDES, P.A.
~-....
Honorable Mayor and Commissioners
March 15, 2001
Page 4
under the Sunshine Law. Request the City Attorney I s opinion. Leave the room, if necessary,
and protect yourself and the City.
8. A void making inspection trips with other Commissioners. Since discussion may
easily ensue, reasonable public notice must be provided.
9. Do not forget that for all required public meetings, reasonable notice must be
given, public access must be allowed, and minutes must be made for public inspection.
10. Be advised that the State Attorney General opined that the Sunshine Law applies
to the action of just one council, commission or board member when that member has been
delegated a portion of the decision-making authority. The Attorney General has determined that
if a Commissioner has been authorized, formally or informally, to exercise any decision-making
authority on behalf of the Commission, such as approving or rejecting certain contract
provisions, he or she is acting on behalf of the Commission and such meetings are subject to the
Sunshine Law. See Attorney General Opinion 90-17.
E. Necessity for Compliance
Compliance with the Sunshine Law is vital. Aside from potential invalidation of the
municipal action taken, the statute contains sanctions for non-compliance. A knowing violation is
punishable as a misdemeanor of the second degree by imprisonment for 60 days and a fine of
$500. Pursuant to a 1985 amendment to the statute, even an unknowing and unintentional
violation may result in a non-criminal infraction punishable by a fine not exceeding $500.
The goal of the Sunshine Law is to forbid members of a government board from secretly
dealing with the public business. The statute has been broadly interpreted by the courts so as to
achieve that goal. Commissioners and other board members must utilize great caution, lest their
public service be rewarded with fines, penalties and unnecessary aggravation.
II. RECEIPT AND REPORTING OF GIFTS
Commissioners and other City officers, employees and board members are subject to
particular restrictions and requirements on the receipt and reporting of any gifts which they may
receive. The source of these restrictions are provided both by state law, including Section
112.3148, Fla. Stat. , and by the Miami-Dade County Conflict of Interest and Code of Ethics
Ordinance (the "County Ethics Code"). Commissioners and other City officers, employees and
board members must comply with both sets of restrictions, as applicable, and carefully consider
each, when offered any gift.2 .
2/ The applicability of these restrictions to City officers, employees and board members is
discussed below.
WEISS SEROTA HELFMAN
PASTORIZA & GUEDES, P.A.
Honorable Mayor and Commissioners
March 15, 2001
Page 5
A. Summary of County and State Gift Restrictions. 3
Although the gift receipt and reporting restrictions imposed by the State Ethics Code and
County Ethics Code are separately considered and described below, it is helpful to set forth, in
summary fashion, an outline of the applicable restrictions.
1. If the value of a gift received by a Commissioner or other Reporting Individual
is of a value of $25.00 or less, the gift may be accepted from any person and there is no necessity
to report such gift.
2. If the value of the gift received by a Commissioner or other Reporting
Individual is greater than $25.00 but not greater than $100.00, the gift may be accepted from any
person and must be reported by filing quarterly disclosure with the City Clerk and the Clerk of
the Board of County Commissioners. 4 If such permitted gift was from a Lobbyist or Political
Committee, they, as special donors, are responsible for filing a report with the
Florida Commission. on Ethics (in satisfaction of the State Ethics Code). See discussion on page
15 below.
3. If the value of the gift which is received by the Commissioner or other
Reporting Individual is in excess of $100.00, the gift may be accepted from any person other
than a Political Committee or I,ohhyist (or the principal of a Lobbyist), and such permitted gift
must be reported in quarterly gift disclosure to the City Clerk, the Clerk of the Board of County
Commissioners (in satisfaction of the County Ethics Code) and to the Florida Commission on
Ethics (in satisfaction of the State Ethics Code) by the Commissioner or other Reporting
Individual. A gift in excess of a $100.00 value may llQ1 be accepted from a Political Committee
or from a Lobbyist (or the principal of a Lobbyist).
B. County Ethics Code.
(1) Provisions of the Code.
The pertinent provisions of the Miami-Dade County Ethics Code are provided by S 2-
11.1(e), which provides, in pertinent part, as follows:
3/ The terms "Lobbyist", "Political Committee" and "Reporting Individual" are defined on
pages 8-10 below.
4/ Filing with the City Clerk is sufficient for this purpose since the reference in Section 2.:.
11.I(e)(4) to the "Clerk of the Board of County Commissioners" is converted to the City Clerk
by virtue of the incorporation by reference language used in Section 2-11.1 (a). However, in an
abundance of caution, filing with both Clerks is recommended.
WEISS SEROTA HELFMAN
PASTORIZA & GUEDES, P.A.
---~,
Honorable Mayor and Commissioners
March 15, 2001
Page 6
(e) Gifts
(1) Definition. The term "gift" shall refer to the transfer of
anything of economic value, whether in the form of money,
service, loan, travel, entertainment, hospitality, item or promise, or
in any other form, without adequate and lawful consideration.
(2) Exceptions. The provisions of subsection (e)(1) shall not
apply to: (a) Political contributions specifically authorized by state
law; (b) Gifts from relatives or members of one's household; (c)
A wards for professional or civic achievement; (d) Materials such
as books, reports, periodicals or pamphlets whiCh are solely
informational or of an advertising nature; (e) gifts solicited by
[City] employees or departmental personnel on behalf of the [City]
in conducting its official business; (f) gifts solicited by
[Commissioners] on behalf of the [City] in conducting its official
business.
(3) Prohibitions. A person described in subsection (b)(1)-(6)
[County and municipal officials, including Commissioners,
officers, employees and board members] shall neither solicit nor
demand any gift It is also unlawful for any person or entity to
offer, give or agree to give to any person included in the term
defined in subsection (b)(1)-(6) or for any person included in the
term defined in subsection (b)(1)-(6) [including Commissioners,
officers, employees and board members] to accept or agree to
accept from another person or entity I any gift for or hecause of: (a)
an official puhlic action taken or to be taken, or which could be
taken; (b) a legal duty performed or to be performed, or which
could be performed; or (c) a legal duty violated or to be violated,
or which could be violated by any person included in the term
defined in subsection (b)(1) [members of the Board of County
Commissioners or members of City Commissions].
(4) Disclosure. Any person included in the term defined in
subsection (b)(1)-(6) [including Commissioners, officers,
employees and board members] shall disclose as provided herein
any gift, or series of gifts from anyone person or entity, having a
value in excess of Twenty Five Dollars ($25 00). Said disclosure
shall be made by filing a copy of the disclosure form required by
Chapter 112, Florida Statutes, for "local officers" with the Clerk of
the Board of County Commissioners, simultaneously with the filing
of the form with the Secretary of State. (emphasis added.)
WEISS SEROTA HELFMAN
PASTORIZA & GUEDES, P.A.
c_-~
Honorable Mayor and Commissioners
March 15, 2001
Page 7
(2) Applicability
The above-cited restrictions and provIsIOns of the County Ethics Code are made
applicable to municipal Commissioners, officers, employees and hoard memhers, pursuant to ~
2-11. 1 (a) which provides, in pertinent part, as follows:
This section shall be applicable to all County personnel as defined
herein, and shall also constitute a minimum standard of ethical
conduct and hehavior for all municipal officials and officer;,
autonomous personnel, quasi-judicial personnel, advisory
personnel, departmental personnel and employees of municipalities
in the County insofar as their individual relationships with their
own municipal governments are concerned. References in the
section to County personnel shall therefore he applicable to
muni<;ipal personnel who serve in comparahle capacities to the
County personnel referred to
(3) Summary
The gist of the County Ethics Code provisions applicable to the subject matter of gifts
may be summarized as follows:
1. Commissioners, officers, employees and board members are prohibited from
soliciting or demanding any gift.
2. Commissioners, officers, employees and board members are prohibited from
accepting or agreeing to accept any gift because of or in exchange for the performance or non-
performance ofpuhlic duties.
3. Commissioners, officers, employees and board members, must disclose and report
any gift or series of gifts from anyone person or entity having a value in excess of Twenty Five
Dollars ($25 00) This County Ethics Code provision on gift disclosure would be satisfied by
filing such disclosure with the City Clerk on a quarterly basis utilizing the .state Quarterly Gift
Disclosure form as provided by ~ 112.3148, Fla.Stat. (Dual filing with the Clerk of the Board of
County Commissioners is also recommended).
C. State Ethics Code
The Code of Ethics for Public Officers and Employees, Section 112.311-112.326,
Fla.Stat., (the "State Ethics Code") sets forth a far more complex set of gift restrictions than that
provided by the County Ethics Code.
WEISS SEROTA HELFMAN
PASTORIZA & GUEDES, P.A.
Honorable Mayor and Commissioners
March 15, 2001
Page 8
Pursuant to Section 112.313(2), Fla.Stat., all public officers, candidates and employees
are prohihited from soliciting or accepting anything of value, such as a gift, loan, reward,
service, favor or promise of future employment that is hased on any understanding that their
vote, official action or judgment would he influenced by such gift. Additionally, Section
112.313(4) Fla. Stat., prohibits any public officer or employee (or his or her spouse or minor
child) from accepting anything of value when such officer or employee knows or should know
that it was given to influence action in which the officer or employee is expected to participate in
his or her official capacity.
Beyond the basic prohibitions set forth in Section 112.313(2), and Section 112.313(4),
Fla. Stat., a more complex set of restrictions is established by Section 112.3148, Fla. Stat.,
"Reporting and prohibited receipt of gifts. . ." (the "State Gift Law").
(1) Applicability of State Gift Law
Section 112.3148, Fla. Stat., is applicable to Commissioners and to all other City
officers, employees and board members, who are required to file financial disclosure under
Section 112.3145, Fla. Stat. (State Form No.1), (the "Reporting Individuals").
(2) Provisions of State Gift Law
The core requirements of Section 112.3148, Fla. Stat., as applicable to .c:.i.t:;x
Commissioners and other Reporting Individuals, are provided in subsections (3), (4), and (8)(a):
(3) A reporting individual or procurement employee is
prohihited from soliciting any gift from a political committee or
committee of continuous existence, as defined in s. 106.011, ill
from a lohhyist who lobbies the reporting individual's or
procurement employee's agency, or the partner, firm, employer, or
principal of such lobbyist, where such gift is for the personal
benefit of the reporting individual or procurement employee,
another reporting individual or procurement employee, or any
member of the immediate family of a reporting individual or
procurement employee.
(4) A reporting individual or procurement employee or any
other person on his or her behalf is prohihited from knowingly
accepting, directly or indirectly a gift from a political committee or
committee of continuous existence, as defmed in s. 106.011, ill
from a lohhyist who lobbies the reporting individual's or
WEISS SEROTA HELFMAN
PASTORIZA & GUEDES, P.A.
";..;..-~.
Honorable Mayor and Commissioners
March 15, 2001
Page 9
procurement employee's agency, or directly or indirectly on behalf
of the partner, finn, employer, or principal of a 10hhyist, if he or
she knows or reasonahly believes that the gift has a value in excess
of $100; however, such a gift may be accepted by such person on
behalf of a governmental entity or a charitable organization. If the
gift is accepted on behalf of a governmental entity or. charitable
organization, the person receiving the gift shall not maintain
custody of the gift for any period of time beyond that reasonably
necessary to arrange for the transfer of custody and ownership of
the gift.
(8)(a) Each reporting individual or procurement employee shall
file a statement with the State Commission on Ethics on the last day
of each calendar quarter, for the previous calendar quarter,
containing a list of gifts which he or she helieves to he in excess of
$100. in value, if any, accepted by him or her, for which
compensation was not provided by the donee to the donor within
ninety (90) days of receipt of the gift to reduce the value to $100 or
less, except the following:
1. Gifts from relatives.
2. Gifts prohibited by subsection (4) or s. 112.313(4).5
3. Gifts otherwise required to be disclosed by this
section. [emphasis added]
It should be noted that the term "lobbyist" is broadly defined in Section 112.3148(2)(b),
Fla. Stat. , to include any person who for compensation seeks, or sought during the preceding 12
months, to influence the governmental decision-making of the City Commission or the City, and
any person who is required by the City to register as a lobbyist. As noted above, the term
"reporting individual" includes Commissioners and all other persons required to file annual
financial disclosure under Chapter 112, Florida Statutes.
(3) Summary of State Law Restrictions
The above-referenced gift restrictions provided by the State Ethics Code may be
summarized as follows:
5/ This exception providing that illegal gifts are not required to be reported by the Reporting
Individual, is apparently in recognition of the privilege against self incrimination.
WEISS SEROTA HELFMAN
PASTORIZA & GUEDES, P.A.
- .,.--~..;..-.
Honorable Mayor and Commissioners
March 15, 2001
Page 10
1. A City Commissioner, public officer, employee or board member is prohibited
from soliciting or accepting anything of value upon the basis of any understanding that his or her
vote, official action or judgment will be influenced by such gift. (Section 112.313(2), Fla.Stat.)
2. A City Commissioner or other Reporting Individual is prohihited from soliciting
any gift from a political committee or committee of continuous existence ("Political Committee"),
or from a lobbyist who lobbies the City (the "Lobbyist"), if such gift is for the personal benefit of
the Commissioner, the Reporting Individual, another Reporting Individual or procurement
employee, or any member of the immediate family of any Commissioner, Reporting Individual or
procurement employee. (Section 112.3148(3), Fla. Stat.)
3. A City Commissioner or other Reporting Individual is prohibited from knowingly
accepting, directly or indirectly, a gift from a Political Committee or from a Lobbyist who
lobbies the City, if he or she (the Commissioner or Reporting Individual) knows or reasonahly
helieves that the gift has a value in excess of $100 6 (Section 112.3148(4), Fla. Stat.)
4. City Commissioners and other Reporting Individuals must file a statement with the
Florida Commission on Ethics on the last day of each calendar quarter, for the previous calendar
quarter, containing a list of gifts required to be disclosed which he or she believes to be in excess
of $100 in value, if any, accepted by such Commissioner or Reporting Individual.
(Section 112.3148(8)(a), Fla. Stat.) For example, gifts required to be disclosed which are
believed to be of a value in excess of $100 would be required to be reported by the
Commissioner or Reporting Individual by June 30, 2001 for the quarterly period of January 1
through March 31, 2001.
(4) Gift Valuation
Section 112.3148(7), Fla.Stat., provides criteria for determining the value of a gift, as
follows:
.(7)(a) The value of a gift provided to a reporting individual or
procurement employee shall be determined using actual cost to the
donor, less taxes and gratuities, except as otherwise provided in
this subsection, and, with respect to personal services provided by
6/ However, a gift may be accepted by the Commissioner or other Reporting Individual on
behalf of the City entity. If so accepted, the person receiving the gift shall not maintain custody
of the gift for any period of time beyond that reasonably necessary to arrange for custody and
ownership of the gift by the City. (Section 112.3148(4), Fla. Stat.)
WEISS SEROTA HELFMAN
PASTORIZA & GUEDES, EA.
Honorable Mayor and Commissioners
March 15, 2001
Page 11
the donor, the reasonable and customary charge regularly charged
for such service in the community in which the service is provided
shall be used. If additional expenses are required as a condition
precedent to eligibility of the donor to purchase or provide a gift
and such expenses are primarily for the benefit of the donor or are
of a charitable nature, such expenses shall not be included in
determining the value of the gift.
(b) Compensation provided by the donee to the donor shall be
deducted from the value of the gift in determining the value of the
gift.
(c) If the actual gift value attributable to individual participants at
an event cannot be determined, the total costs shall be prorated
among all invited persons, whether or not they are reporting
individuals or procurement employees.
(d) Transportation shall be valued on a round-trip basis unless only
one-way transportation is provided. Round-trip transportation
expenses shall be considered a single gift. Transportation provided
in a private conveyance shall be given the same value as
transportation provided in a comparable commercial conveyance.
(e) Lodging provided on consecutive days shall be considered a
single gift. Lodging in a private residence shall be valued at the
per diem rate provided in S112.061(6)(a)1. less the meal allowance
rate provided in S112.061(6)(b).
(f) Food and heverages which are not consumed at a single sitting
or meal and which are provided on the same calendar day shall be
considered a single gift, and the total value of all food and
beverages provided on that date shall be considered the value of the
gift. Food and beverage consumed at a single sitting or meal shall
be considered a single gift and the value of the food and beverage
provided at that sitting or meal shall be considered the value of the
gift.
(g) Memhership dues paid to the same organization during any 12-
month period shall be considered a single gift.
(h) Entrance fees, admission fees, or tickets shall be valued on the
face value of the ticket or fee, or on a daily or per event basis,
WEISS SEROTA HELFMAN
P ASTORIZA & GUEDES, P.A.
Honorable Mayor and Commissioners
March 15, 2001
Page 12
whichever is greater.
(i) Except as otherwise specified in this section, a gift shall be
valued on a per occurrence hasis
U) The value of a gift provided to several individuals may he
attrihuted on a pro rata hasis among all of the individuals If the
gift is food, beverage, entertainment, or similar items, provided at
a function for more than ten people, the value of the gift to each
individual shall be the total value of the items provided divided by
the number of persons inyited to the function, unless the items are
purchased on a per person basis, in which case the value of the gift
to each person is the per person cost.
(k) The value of a gift of an admission ticket shall not include that
portion of the cost which represents a charitable contribution, if the
gift is provided by the charitable organization.
(Emphasis added.)
Some of these criteria have been addressed by provisions of the Florida Administrative Code and
interpreted by opinions of the Florida Commission on Ethics. Additionally, it should be noted
that the value of a gift may be reduced by the donee by paying compensation to the donor. See
112.3148 8(a) Fla. Stat.
(5) Definition of Gift
To guide a Commissioner's and other Reporting Individual's actions under the gift
restrictions set forth in Section 112.3148, Fla. Stat., it is essential to focus on the defmitionof
gift as set forth in Section 112.312(12), Fla. Stat. , which provides as follows:
(12)(a) "Gift," for purposes of ethics in government and financial
disclosure required by law, means that which is accepted by a
donee or by another on the donee's behalf, or that which is paid or
given to another for or on behalf of a donee, directly, indirectly, or
in trust for the donee's benefit or by any other means, for which
equal or greater consideration is not given, including'
1. Real property.
2. The use of real property.
3. Tangible or intangible personal property.
WEISS SEROTA HELFMAN
PASTORIZA & GUEDES, P.A.
Honorable Mayor and Commissioners
March 15, 2001
Page 13
4. The use of tangible or intangible personal property.
5. A preferential rate or terms on a debt, loan, goods, or
services, which rate is below the customary rate and is not
either a government rate available to all other similarly
situated government employees or officials or a rate which
is available to similarly situated members of the public by
virtue of occupation, affiliation, age, religion, sex or
national origin.
6. Forgiveness of an indebtedness.
7. Transportation, other than that provided to a public officer
or employee by an agency in relation to officially approved
governmental business, lodging, or parking.
8. Food or beverage.
9. Membership dues.
10. Entrance fees; admission fees, or tickets to events,
performances or facilities.
11. Plants, flowers, or floral arrangements.
12. Services provided by persons pursuant to a professional
license or certificate.
13. Other personal services for which a fee is normally charged
by the person providing the services.
14. Any other similar service or thing having an attributable
value not already provided for in this section.
(b) "Gift" does llil! include"
1. Salary, benefits, services, fees, commISSIons, gifts, or
expenses associated primarily with the donee's
employment, business, or service as an officer or director
of a corporation or organization.
WEISS SEROTA HELFMAN
PASTORIZA & GUEDES, P.A.
Honorable Mayor and Commissioners
March 15, 2001
Page 14
2. Contributions or expenditures reported pursuant to Chapter
106, campaign-related personal services provided without
compensation by individuals volunteering their time, or any
other contribution or expenditure by a political party.
3. An honorarium or an expense related to an honorarium
event paid to a person or the person's spouse. ~
4. An award, plaque, certificate, or similar personalized item
given in recognition of the donee's public, civic, charitable,
or professional service.
5. An honorary membership in a serVIce or fraternal
organization presented merely as a courtesy by such
organization.
6. The use of a public facility or public property, made
available by a governmental agency, for a public purpose.
7. Transportation provided to a public officer or employee by
an agency in relation to officially approved governmental
business.
8. Gifts provided directly or indirectly by a state, regional, or
national organization which promotes the exchange of ideas
between, or the professional development of, governmental
officials or employees, and whose membership is primarily
composed of elected or appointed public officials or staff,
to members of that organization or officials or staff of a
governmental agency that is a member of that organization. 8
7/ Honorariums (payment made for a public officer's speech, lecture or writing) are
governed by Section 112.3149, Fla.Stat., which imposes restrictions, prohibitions and reporting
requirements. -
8/ Items 7. and 8. of Sec. 112.312(12)(b), which excludes certain items from the definition
of "gift", were enacted effective January 1, 1997.
WEISS SEROTA HELFMAN
P ASTORIZA & GUEDES, P.A.
Honorable Mayor and Commissioners
March 15, 2001
Page 15
(6) Examples
Consideration of examples of the application of the "gift" definition is helpful to an
understanding of the interpretation of th~se provisions.
Pursuant to Section 112.3148(4), Fla. Stat. and Section 112.312(12)(a)(8), PIa.Stat., it
would generally be permissihle for a Commissioner or other Reporting Individual to simply
.accept food, beverages or other gift, of a value in excess of $100.00, from any person, except
fmm a Political Committee or a Lobbyist.9
If the food, beverage or other gift is from a Political Committee or Lobbyist it can D.QJ: be
accepted if the Commissioner or other Reporting Individual knows or reasonably believes the
value exceeds $100.00.
Further, it would D.QJ: be proper for such Commissioner or other Reporting Individual to
sclicit such food, beverages or other gift from a Political Committee or a Lobbyist who lobbies
the City, regardless of the value of the gift, since that is prohibited by Section 112.3148(3), Fla.
Stat.
Under Section 112.312(12)(a)(10), Fla. Stat., a Commissioner or other Reporting
Individual would he prohihited from accepting tickets to a show from a Political Committee, or
from a Lobbyist who lobbies the City, if the Commissioner or Reporting Individual knows or
reasonably believes that the gift has a value in excess of $100. However, a Commissioner or
Reporting Individual could accept such gift from a person other than a Lohhyist or Political
Committee. Such gift would then be subject to reporting and disclosure by the Commissioner or
Reporting Individual. 10
Pursuant to ~ 112.3148(5)(b), Fla. Stat., a Political Committee or Lobbyist who makes a
gift having a value in excess of $25.00, but not in excess of $100.00, to a Commissioner or other
Reporting Individual, is required to file a quarterly gift disclosure report with the Commission on
Ethics. That report describes the gift, its value and identifies the recipient. The donor is
required to notify the donee that the gift will be reported. This provision places the burden for
reporting such gifts (given by Political Committees or Lobbyists) on the donor rather than the
9/ Please note that such permitted gift of food, beverages or other item must be reported by
Commissioners and other Reporting Individuals under the State Ethics Code and County Ethics
Cill:1.e. Naturally, the gift could not be accepted if prohibited by Section 112.313(2)(4), Fla.
Stat., as discussed on Page 8, above.
10/ Such report would be required under both the State Ethics Code ($100.00 reporting
threshold) and County Ethics Code ($25.00 reporting threshold).
WEISS SEROTA HELFMA~
PASTORIZA & GUEDES, P.A.
Honorable Mayor and Commissioners
March 15, 2001
Page 16
donee, under the State Ethics Code. However, under the County Ethics Code, the donee
Commissioner or other Reporting Individual is still required to report this same gift. 11
Pursuant to Section 112. 3148(4), Fla. Stat. , a Commissioner or other Reporting
Individual could attend a catered luncheon hosted by a local law firm which lobbies the City for
zoning approvals for a private property owner, so long as the value of the luncheon gift does not
exceed $100.00.12 If the caterer charged the law firm $20.00 per person, the value of the gift for
a Coinmissioner and his or her spouse would be $40.00. This would require the Commissioner
to file a quarterly gift disclosure report with the City Clerk and the Clerk of the Board of County
Commissioners pursuant to the County Ethics Code, as explained above.
D. Potential Penalties and Consequences.
(1) State Law
While there are no criminal penalties for violation of the Florida Code of Ethics, unless
such conduct also violates some other law providing such penalty, the non-criminal violation by a
Commissioner or other Reporting Individual of the gift solicitation or acceptance prohibitions and
gift reporting requirements can result in one or more of the following penalties:
Public officers'
Impeachment;
Removal from office;
Suspension from office;
Public censure and reprimand;
Forfeiture of part of public salary or compensation;
Civil penalty not to exceed $10,000;
Restitution of any pecuniary benefits received because of the ethical violation committed.
11/ A pitfall created by these dual State/County regulations may arise. For example, if a
Lobbyist reports (under the State Ethics Code)a gift to a Reporting Individual of a value of
$50.00, for a basket of fruit, etc., but the Reporting Individual fails to file the required County
Ethics Code report, a violation may arise, despite the fact that a public disclosure has been made.
12/ This restriction would also apply to a luncheon hosted by a private property owner who
utilizes the services of the Lobbyist, since such private property owner would be the "principal of
a lobbyist", within the scope of Section 112.3148(4), Fla. Stat. See pages 8-9, above.
WEISS SEROTA HELFMAN
PASTORIZA & GUEDES, P.A.
Honorable Mayor and Commissioners
March 15, 2001
Page 17
Employees'
Dismissal;
Suspension;
Demotion;
Reduction or forfeiture of salary;
Civil penalty;
Restitution;
Public censure and reprimand.
Each of the above penalties is provided by Section 112.317(1)(a)(b), Fla.Stat.
(2) County Ethics Code
Under the County Ethics Code, S 2-11.1(w), tht;: potential punishment for a violation of
the County Ethics Code provisions pertaining to the receipt and reporting of gifts, as required by
the County Ethics Code consists of an admonition, public reprimand and/or fine from the Miami-
Dade County Ethics Commission or if prosecuted by a State Attorney, a criminal penalty of a
fine not to exceed $500 or imprisonment in the County jail for not more than 30 days or by both
such fine and imprisonment. 13
It is important to remember that a determination of compliance with hu!h the State Ethics
Code and County Ethics Code is required.
E. Conclusion
As can be seen from the above analysis and examples, the complexity of the applicable
restrictions makes it very wise to seek legal advice and guidance on each specific instance which
arises under the State or County gift laws. It is intended that this letter set forth general
guidelines and promote awareness of restrictions, while encouraging the seeking of advice, from
time to time, as necessary.
13/ That penal sanction merits serious attention. Several years ago, the Miami-Dade State
Attorney I s office attempted to criminally prosecute members of the Coral Gables City
Commission for alleged violation of the County gift reporting requirements. Although these
charges were ultimately dismissed by the courts, much embarrassment and aggravation was
suffered by members of the City Commission.
WEISS SEROTA HELFMAN
PASTORIZA & GUEDES, P.A.
Honorable Mayor and Commissioners
March 15, 2001
Page 18
Please advise if there are any questions on the matters addressed in Sections I or II, above
or if questions arise in the future.
. Respectfully submitted, r
~~
David M. Wolpin
DMW/cmb
328.001
cc:Mr. Eric M. Soroka, City Manager
Teresa M. Soroka, CMC/ AAE, City Clerk
Richard Jay Weiss, Esq.
WEISS SEROTA HELFMAN
PASTORIZA & GUEDES, P.A.